CkBooks Online – Free Online Books

Finishing off—Making up—Edges—Use of Cord-making Appliance—Cord Twisted by Hand—Knotted Cord—Fringes—Tassels—Knots. When the embroidery is completed, the making up, the addition of tasteful finishing touches, and such things as fringes, tassels, and linings, must all be considered. These will, if judiciously made use of, give a distinction and character to the work that might be missed [...]

In drawn work the question is how to treat the remaining warp threads after the weft has been withdrawn. They can be clustered in bunches in different ways with ornamental stitches added, or be entirely covered over with darning or overcast stitches in such a way as to form a pattern. The beginning of most [...]

There is a most practical sound about darning; it can, however, be made good use of in embroidery as well as in plain needlework. There are two rather different kinds in use; in both the stitch is a running one and done in much the same way that a thin place would be darned in [...]

The Difficulties of Pattern Making—A Stock-in-Trade—Some Principles upon which Patterns are Built Up—Spacing-Out—Nature and Convention—Shading—Figure Work—Limitations—Colour. A beginner sometimes experiences difficulty in preparing her own patterns. A designer needs a wide knowledge of many subjects, which necessitates much time being given to study; also drawing ability is necessary to enable the worker to set down [...]

Severe criticism “rained” heavily upon the engineer in charge, and complaints were made in reference to the high oil consumption. An investigation on the company’s part followed, and the firm which furnished the centrifugal pump and engine was next in order to receive complaints. Repeated efforts were made to increase the speed of the vertical [...]

End-wise Compression Apparatus: An ordinary static testing machine and a compressometer are required. Figure 33 Endwise compression test, showing method of measuring the deformation by means of a compressometer. Preparing the material: Two classes of specimens are commonly used, namely, (1) posts 24 inches in length, and (2) small clear blocks approximately 2″ × 2″ [...]

Moisture Determination In order for tests to be comparable, it is necessary to know the moisture content of the specimens at the zone of failure. This is determined from disks an inch thick cut from the timber immediately after testing. In cases, as in large beams, where it is desirable to know not only the [...]

Entrepreneurship is that ability in which an individual tries to find the opportunity, take risk and avail these opportunities. Who are Entrepreneurs? People have more entrepreneurial abilities who: Have aspiration Have more practical strategies to be implement Have the vision Understanding the environment Being visionary and flexible Creating management options Encourage teamwork while employing a multi‐disciplined approach Encouraging open discussion 6. Building a coalition of supporters. Characteristics of Entrepreneurs Personal Interest This personal interest can be of two common types: Interest for their own personality development Interest of their financial growth at market place Customer Relationship building There can be two types of customer relation ship building as under: Transactional MarketingThis type of marketing is based on only one transaction, just to get the financials & provide products in return to customers. (Its some how a traditional approach of customer relationship management) Relationship MarketingThis type of marketing based on long term service provision for the customer, to get order once from your customer, fulfill that order in best possible manners, provide after sales services in order to retain that customer for longer period of time (it is based on modern customer relationship management techniques) Entrepreneurs strongly follow the second type of relationship building with this customer to get long run benefit in order to enhance their business. Simple E.g. can of of Doctors in a specific community, Mechanics, Hair dresser etc. Desire to establish own business Some persons have strong & dominant personality traits & they want to establish their own business instead of working under supervision of any one else so this leads them towards entrepreneurship establishment. They have strong decision making power & risk taking ability which helps them a lot to be an entrepreneur. Need of control Some people want them to be involved in every decision making of their business prospects so this aspect leads them be an entrepreneur. Ability to deal with uncertainties Some persons are daring enough in their professional attitude; they feel they can easily deal with uncertainties while designing best strategies for crunch situations so they move for entrepreneurship. BUSINESS PLAN FOR ENTREPRENEURS Business plan is a written document which contains the objectives of the business and the ways to achieve these objectives. A good business plan must be developed in order to exploit the opportunity defined. A good business plan is important in developing the opportunity and in determining the resources required, obtaining those resources and successfully managing the venture. The term business plan is made of two words “business” and “plan”. By understanding each we will try to arrive at some usable definition of business plan Business: “Any economic activity undertaken on regular basis to earn profit by combining resources and delivering value to society/market in response of whose unmet need it is started and run”. Plan: “Simply it is the product or result of planning or it can be defined as it is a document or piece of thought which answers the basic questions of planning”. If plan is so then what is planning? Situations for Entrepreneurial business There are two situations: Buying a business Starting from the scratch Most of the entrepreneurs always like to start their business right from scratch & develop their own strategies to run the business so our discussion will move around those entrepreneurs who start their businesses from scratch. COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN Since every business organization either small medium or large always have business plan so same is true for entrepreneurial business as well. Basic theme of business plans is always “ways to go & how to go”. All areas of SWOT analysis are also covered in the business plan. Objectives of the business The basic purpose of any business plan is to answer following questions: Name of the business Name should indicate the type of business Name should be simple Uniqueness of name Location of the business Legal considerations Avoid the names not encouraged by the law. e.g. National Heroes, religious personalities etc. Marketing Component of the business This part of business plan covers following aspects: Who will be the target customers for those products Where are they located? Inspection [...]

One of the forms of capitalism, which has been flourishing in non-Islamic societies, is the interest-based investment. There are normally two participants in such transactions. One is the Investor who provides capital on loan and the other Manager who runs the business. The investor has no concern whether the business runs into profit or loss, [...]

Learning Objectives: After going through this lecture, you would be able to have an understanding of the following topics Portfolio Risk Analysis & Efficient Portfolio Maps Before starting the new concepts we should recap what we have studied in the previous lecture. Recap: Portfolio is a Collection of Investments in different Stocks, Bonds, other Securities [...]

Calculate the voltage Vo. Solution: we want to calculate the voltage V0. The circuit can be redrawn as Here I1 = – 2mA KVL equation for loop 2 2kI2 + 4kI2 + 2k(I2 + I1) = 12 6kI2 + 2kI2 + 2kI1 = 12 8kI2 – 4 = 12 8kI2 = 16 I2 = 2mA [...]

A related topic is the fixed keyword. Garbage collector can change physical position of the objects. If garbage collector changes position of an object the pointer will point at wrong place in memory. To avoid such problems C# contains ‘fixed’ keyword – informing the system not to relocate an object by the garbage collector. Pointers [...]

In C#, the pre-defined reference types are object and string. As mentioned earlier, object is the ultimate base class of all other types. New reference types can be defined using ‘class’, ‘interface’, and ‘delegate’ declarations. Reference types actually hold the value of a memory address occupied by the object they reference. Reference types however suffer [...]

The first component of the change control process is the Change Control Authority (CCA) or a Change Control Board (CCB). A CCA or CCB includes people from both developer and client side. Whenever a change is required, the CCB decides whether to allow this change to happen or deny it. If it is decided that [...]

A file type referenced is An internal logical file read or maintained by a transactional function or An external interface file read by a transactional function DET Definition A data element type is a unique user recognizable, non-repeated field. EI Complexity and Contribution Rules This section defines FTR and DET rules used to determine the [...]

The number of ILFs, EIFs, and their relative functional complexity determine the contribution of the data functions to the unadjusted function point count. Assign each identified ILF and EIF a functional complexity based on the number of data element types (DETs) and record element types (RETs) associated with the ILF or EIF. This section defines [...]

The Product: In order to develop an estimate and plan for the project, the scope of the problem must be established. This includes context, information objectives, and function and performance requirements. The estimate and plan is then developed by decomposing the problem and establishing a functional partitioning. The Process The next step is to decide [...]

There are many possible organizational structures. In order to identify the most suitable structure, the following factors must be considered: the difficulty of the problem to be solved the size of the resultant program(s) in lines of code or function points the time that the team will stay together (team lifetime) the degree to which [...]

Algorithm When filling a polygon, you will most likely just have a set of vertices, indicating the x and y Cartesian coordinates of each vertex of the polygon. The following steps should be taken to turn your set of vertices into a filled polygon. 1. Initializing All of the Edges: The first thing that needs [...]

Introduction to Computer Graphics Definition Computers accept process, transform and present information. Computer Graphics involves technology to accept, process, transform and present information in a visual form that also concerns with producing images (or animations) using a computer. Why Study Computer Graphics? There are certain important reasons to study computer graphics. We will discuss them [...]

Removing Broken Shortcuts In the following chapters, you will find out whyit is important todoso and how you can use the TuneUp Shortcut Cleaner tool to clean up your system by removing invalid shortcuts and references: Removing Broken Shortcuts -Introduction The TuneUpShortcut Cleaner tool helps you quickly and easily to “restore order” to your computer. [...]

Cash Flow Statement (Contd) If the closing balance is higher than the difference of opening balance and depreciation for the year it means that an addition of fixed assets has taken place. If the closing balance is lower than the difference of the O/B and Depreciation for the Year, it shows a disposal of fixed [...]

Binomial Distribution Binomial Distribution Fitting a Binomial Distribution to Real Data • An Introduction to the Hyper geometric Distribution The binomial distribution is a very important discrete probability distribution. We illustrate this distribution with the help of the following example: EXAMPLE Suppose that we toss a fair coin 5 times, and we are interested in [...]

MEAN DEVIATION ∑|d | i M.D. = n As we are averaging the absolute deviations of the observations from their mean, therefore the complete name of this measure is mean absolute deviation but generally we just say “mean deviation”. Applying this formula in our example, we find that, the mean deviation of the number of [...]

Types Of  Data Tabulation Simple bar chart Component bar chart Multiple bar chart Pie chart As indicated in the last lecture, there are two broad categories of data … qualitative data and quantitative data. A variety of methods exist for summarizing and describing these two types of data. The treediagram below presents an outline of [...]

INVENTORY AND CONTROL Inventory is the physical stock of items held in any business for the purpose of future production or sales. In a production shop the inventory may be in the form of raw materials. When the items are in production process, we have the inventory as in-process inventory and at the end of [...]

Best First & Optimal Searches Just as beam search considers best k nodes at every level, best first search considers all the open nodes so far and selects the best amongst them. The following sequence of diagrams will show you how a best first search procedure works in a search tree. We start with a [...]

The Two One Problem In order to explain the four components of problem solving in a better way we have chosen a simple but interesting problem to help you grasp the concepts. The diagram below shows the setting of our problem called the TwoOne Problem. A simple problem statement to the problem at hand is [...]

THE PARTS OF THE TABLE Give each table a number. Give each table a title, which names variables and provides background information Label the row and columns variables and give name to each of the variable categories. Include the totals of the columns and rows. These are called marginals.They equal the univariate frequency distribution for [...]

Higher Order Brain functions Objectives: The students would be familiarized with the role of higher order brain functioning in disorders ofspeech, motor and sensory apraxias, memory and amnesias. Brain correlates a) Language Speech Production Comprehensions, Aphasias b) Visuospatial, The man who mistook his wife for a hat? c) Apraxias. (Neuropsychological tools) d) Brain correlates of [...]